- 105 BC – Cimbrian War: Defeat at the Battle of Arausio accelerates the Marian reforms of the Roman army.
- 69 BC – Third Mithridatic War: Forces of the Roman Republic subdue Armenia.
- AD 23 – Rebels decapitate Wang Mang two days after his capital was sacked during a peasant rebellion.
- 404 – Byzantine Empress Eudoxia dies from the miscarriage of her seventh and last pregnancy.
- 618 – Transition from Sui to Tang: Wang Shichong decisively defeats Li Mi at the Battle of Yanshi.
- 1539 – Spain’s DeSoto expedition takes over the Apalachee capital of Anhaica for their winter quarters.
- 1600 – Euridice, the earliest surviving opera, receives its première performance, beginning the Baroque period.
- 1683 – Immigrant families found Germantown, Pennsylvania in the first major immigration of German people to America.
- 1762 – Seven Years’ War: The British Capture Manila from Spain and occupy it.
- 1777 – American Revolutionary War: British forces capture Forts Clinton and Montgomery on the Hudson River.
- 1789 – French Revolution: King Louis XVI is forced to change his residence from Versailles to the Tuileries Palace.
- 1849 – The execution of the 13 Martyrs of Arad after the Hungarian war of independence.
- 1854 – In England the Great fire of Newcastle and Gateshead leads to 53 deaths and hundreds injured.
- 1884 – The Naval War College of the United States is founded in Rhode Island.
- 1898 – Phi Mu Alpha Sinfonia, the largest American music fraternity, is founded at the New England Conservatory of Music.
- 1903 – The High Court of Australia sits for the first time.
- 1908 – The Bosnian crisis erupts when Austria-Hungary formally annexes Bosnia and Herzegovina.
- 1910 – Eleftherios Venizelos is elected prime minister of Greece for the first of seven times.
- 1923 – The Turkish National Movement enters Constantinople.
- 1927 – Opening of The Jazz Singer, the first prominent “talkie” movie.
- 1939 – World War II: The Battle of Kock is the final combat of the September Campaign in Poland.
- 1942 – World War II: American troops force the Japanese from their positions east of the Matanikau River on Guadalcanal.
- 1943 – World War II: Thirteen civilians are burnt alive by a paramilitary group in Crete.
- 1944 – World War II: Units of the 1st Czechoslovak Army Corps enter Czechoslovakia during the Battle of the Dukla Pass.
- 1973 – Egypt and Syria launch coordinated attacks against Israel, beginning the Yom Kippur War.
- 1976 – Cubana de Aviación Flight 455 is destroyed by two bombs, placed on board by an anti-Castro militant group.
- 1976 – Premier Hua Guofeng arrests the Gang of Four, ending the Cultural Revolution in China.
- 1976 – Dozens are killed by the Thai army in the Thammasat University massacre.
- 1977 – The first prototype of the Mikoyan MiG-29, designated 9-01, makes its maiden flight.
- 1979 – Pope John Paul II becomes the first pontiff to visit the White House.
- 1981 – Egyptian President Anwar Sadat is murdered by Islamic extremists.
- 1985 – Police constable Keith Blakelock is murdered as riots erupt in the Broadwater Farm suburb of London.
- 1987 – Fiji becomes a republic.
- 1995 – The first planet orbiting another sun, 51 Pegasi b, is discovered.
- 2007 – Jason Lewis completes the first human-powered circumnavigation of the Earth.
- 2010 – Instagram, a mainstream photo-sharing application, is founded.
-Source: wikipedia
