- 690 – Empress Wu Zetian establishes the Zhou Dynasty of China.[1]
- 1091 – London tornado of 1091: A tornado thought to be of strength T8/F4 strikes the heart of London.
- 1346 – The English capture King David II of Scotland at Neville’s Cross and imprison him for eleven years.
- 1448 – An Ottoman army defeats a Hungarian army at the Second Battle of Kosovo.
- 1456 – The University of Greifswald is established as the second oldest university in northern Europe.
- 1534 – Anti-Catholic posters appear in Paris and other cities supporting Huldrych Zwingli’s position on the Mass.
- 1558 – Poczta Polska, the Polish postal service, is founded.
- 1604 – Kepler’s Supernova is observed in the constellation of Ophiuchus.
- 1610 – French king Louis XIII is crowned in Reims Cathedral.
- 1660 – The nine regicides who signed the death warrant of Charles I of England are hanged, drawn and quartered.
- 1662 – Charles II of England sells Dunkirk to Louis XIV of France for 40,000 pounds.
- 1771 – Premiere in Milan of the opera Ascanio in Alba, composed by Mozart at age 15.
- 1777 – American Revolutionary War: British General John Burgoyne surrenders his army at Saratoga, New York.
- 1781 – American Revolutionary War: British General Charles, Earl Cornwallis surrenders at the Siege of Yorktown.
- 1800 – War of the Second Coalition: Britain takes control of the Dutch colony of Curaçao.
- 1806 – Former leader of the Haitian Revolution, Emperor Jacques I, is assassinated after an oppressive rule.
- 1814 – Eight people die in the London Beer Flood.
- 1817 – The tomb of Pharaoh Seti I is discovered.[2]
- 1860 – First The Open Championship (referred to in North America as the British Open).
- 1861 – Aboriginal Australians kill nineteen Europeans in the Cullin-la-ringo massacre.
- 1907 – Marconi begins the first commercial transatlantic wireless service.
- 1912 – Bulgaria, Greece and Serbia declare war on the Ottoman Empire, joining Montenegro in the First Balkan War.
- 1931 – Al Capone is convicted of income tax evasion.
- 1933 – Albert Einstein flees Nazi Germany and moves to the United States.
- 1940 – The body of Communist propagandist Willi Münzenberg found in South France, starting a never-resolved mystery.
- 1941 – World War II: The USS Kearny becomes the first U.S. Navy vessel to be torpedoed by a U-boat.
- 1943 – The Burma Railway (Burma–Thailand Railway) is completed.
- 1943 – Nazi Holocaust in Poland: Sobibór extermination camp is closed.
- 1945 – A massive demonstration in Buenos Aires, Argentina, demands Juan Perón’s release.
- 1956 – The first commercial nuclear power station is officially opened by Queen Elizabeth II in Sellafield, England.
- 1961 – Directed by their chief Maurice Papon, Paris police massacre scores of Algerian protesters.
- 1965 – The 1964–65 New York World’s Fair closes after two years and more than 51 million attendees.
- 1966 – The 23rd Street Fire in New York City kills 12 firefighters.
- 1969 – The Caravaggio painting Nativity with St. Francis and St. Lawrence is stolen from the Oratory of Saint Lawrence in Palermo.[3]
- 1970 – FLQ terrorists murder Quebec Vice-Premier and Minister of Labour Pierre Laporte.
- 1973 – OPEC imposes an oil embargo against countries they deem to have helped Israel in the Yom Kippur War.
- 1977 – The hijacked Lufthansa Flight 181 lands in Mogadishu. The remaining hostages are later rescued.
- 1979 – Mother Teresa is awarded the Nobel Peace Prize.
- 1979 – The Department of Education Organization Act creates the U.S. Department of Education.
- 1980 – As part of the Holy See–United Kingdom relations a British monarch makes the first state visit to the Vatican.
- 1988 – Uganda Airlines Flight 775 crashes at Rome–Fiumicino International Airport, in Rome, Italy, killing 33 people.[4]
- 1989 – The 6.9 Mw Loma Prieta earthquake shakes the San Francisco Bay Area and the Central Coast, killing Sixty-three.
- 1989 – The East German Politburo votes to remove Erich Honecker from his role as General Secretary.
- 1991 – 1991 Rudrapur bombings by Sikh separatists, who explode two bombs, during a Ramlila Hindu celebration in Rudrapur, Uttarakhand, killing 41 people.[5]
- 1992 – Having gone to the wrong house, Japanese student Yoshihiro Hattori is killed by the homeowner in Baton Rouge, Louisiana.
- 1994 – Russian journalist Dmitry Kholodov is assassinated while investigating corruption in the armed forces.
- 2000 – The Hatfield rail crash leads to the collapse of Railtrack.
- 2001 – Israeli tourism minister Rehavam Ze’evi becomes the first Israeli minister to be assassinated in a terrorist attack.
- 2003 – Taipei 101, a 101-floor skyscraper in Taipei, becomes the world’s tallest high-rise.
- 2018 – The recreational use of cannabis is legalized in Canada.
- 2018 – Kerch Polytechnic College attack in Crimea.
- 2019 – Drug dealers in Culiacan, Sinaloa, Mexico force the government to back down on an arrest.[6]
-Source: wikipedia
