- 533 – A Byzantine expeditionary fleet under Belisarius sails from Constantinople to attack the Vandals in Africa, via Greece and Sicily (approximate date).
- 1307 – Külüg Khan is enthroned as Khagan of the Mongols and Wuzong of the Yuan.
- 1529 – French forces are driven out of northern Italy by Spain at the Battle of Landriano during the War of the League of Cognac.
- 1582 – Sengoku period: Oda Nobunaga, the most powerful of the Japanese daimyōs, was forced to commit suicide by his own general Akechi Mitsuhide.
- 1621 – Execution of 27 Czech noblemen on the Old Town Square in Prague as a consequence of the Battle of White Mountain.
- 1734 – In Montreal in New France, a slave known by the French name of Marie-Joseph Angélique is put to death, having been convicted of setting the fire that destroyed much of the city.
- 1749 – Halifax, Nova Scotia, is founded.
- 1768 – James Otis, Jr. offends the King and Parliament in a speech to the Massachusetts General Court.
- 1788 – New Hampshire becomes the ninth state to ratify the Constitution of the United States.[1]
- 1791 – King Louis XVI of France and his immediate family begin the Flight to Varennes during the French Revolution.
- 1798 – Irish Rebellion of 1798: The British Army defeats Irish rebels at the Battle of Vinegar Hill.
- 1813 – Peninsular War: Wellington defeats Joseph Bonaparte at the Battle of Vitoria.
- 1824 – Greek War of Independence: Egyptian forces capture Psara in the Aegean Sea.
- 1826 – Maniots defeat Egyptians under Ibrahim Pasha in the Battle of Vergas.
- 1848 – In the Wallachian Revolution, Ion Heliade Rădulescu and Christian Tell issue the Proclamation of Islaz and create a new republican government.
- 1864 – American Civil War: The Battle of Jerusalem Plank Road begins.
- 1898 – The United States captures Guam from Spain.
- 1900 – Boxer Rebellion. China formally declares war on the United States, Britain, Germany, France and Japan, as an edict issued from the Empress Dowager Cixi.
- 1915 – The U.S. Supreme Court hands down its decision in Guinn v. United States 238 US 347 1915, striking down Oklahoma grandfather clause legislation which had the effect of denying the right to vote to blacks.
- 1919 – The Royal Canadian Mounted Police fire a volley into a crowd of unemployed war veterans, killing two, during the Winnipeg general strike.
- 1919 – Admiral Ludwig von Reuter scuttles the German fleet at Scapa Flow, Orkney. The nine sailors killed are the last casualties of World War I.
- 1929 – An agreement brokered by U.S. Ambassador Dwight Whitney Morrow ends the Cristero War in Mexico.
- 1930 – One-year conscription comes into force in France.
- 1940 – World War II: Italy begins an unsuccessful invasion of France.
- 1942 – World War II: Tobruk falls to Italian and German forces.
- 1942 – World War II: A Japanese submarine surfaces near the Columbia River in Oregon, firing 17 shells at Fort Stevens in one of only a handful of attacks by Japan against the United States mainland.
- 1945 – World War II: The Battle of Okinawa ends when the organized resistance of Imperial Japanese Army forces collapses in the Mabuni area on the southern tip of the main island.
- 1952 – The Philippine School of Commerce, through a republic act, is converted to Philippine College of Commerce, later to be the Polytechnic University of the Philippines.
- 1957 – Ellen Fairclough is sworn in as Canada’s first female Cabinet Minister.
- 1963 – Cardinal Giovanni Battista Montini is elected as Pope Paul VI.
- 1964 – Three civil rights workers, Andrew Goodman, James Chaney and Michael Schwerner, are murdered in Neshoba County, Mississippi, United States, by members of the Ku Klux Klan.
- 1970 – Penn Central declares Section 77 bankruptcy, largest ever US corporate bankruptcy up to this date.
- 1973 – In handing down the decision in Miller v. California 413 US 15, the Supreme Court of the United States establishes the Miller test for obscenity in U.S. law.
- 1978 – The original production of Tim Rice and Andrew Lloyd Webber‘s musical, Evita, based on the life of Eva Perón, opened at the Prince Edward Theatre, London.
- 1982 – John Hinckley is found not guilty by reason of insanity for the attempted assassination of U.S. President Ronald Reagan.
- 1989 – The U.S. Supreme Court ruled in Texas v. Johnson that American flag-burning was a form of political protest protected by the First Amendment.
- 2000 – Section 28 (of the Local Government Act 1988), outlawing the ‘promotion’ of homosexuality in the United Kingdom, is repealed in Scotland with a 99 to 17 vote.
- 2001 – A federal grand jury in Alexandria, Virginia, indicts 13 Saudis and a Lebanese in the 1996 bombing of the Khobar Towers in Saudi Arabia that killed 19 American servicemen.
- 2004 – SpaceShipOne becomes the first privately funded spaceplane to achieve spaceflight.
- 2005 – Edgar Ray Killen, who had previously been unsuccessfully tried for the murders of James Chaney, Andrew Goodman, and Mickey Schwerner, is convicted of manslaughter 41 years afterwards (the case had been reopened in 2004).
- 2006 – Pluto‘s newly discovered moons are officially named Nix and Hydra.
- 2009 – Greenland assumes self-rule.
- 2012 – A boat carrying more than 200 migrants capsized in the Indian Ocean between the Indonesian island of Java and Christmas Island, killing 17 people and leaving 70 others missing.
-Source: wikipedia
