- 367 AD – Gratian, son of Roman Emperor Valentinian I, is named co-Augustus at the age of eight by his father.[1]
- 394 – The Graffito of Esmet-Akhom, the latest known inscription in Egyptian hieroglyphs, is written.[2]
- 410 – The Visigoths under king Alaric I begin to pillage Rome.
- 1185 – Sack of Thessalonica by the Normans.
- 1200 – King John of England, signer of the first Magna Carta, marries Isabella of Angoulême in Angoulême Cathedral.[3]
- 1215 – Pope Innocent III issues a bull declaring Magna Carta invalid.[4]
- 1349 – Six thousand Jews are killed in Mainz after being blamed for the bubonic plague.[5]
- 1482 – The town and castle of Berwick upon Tweed is captured from Scotland by an English army.[6]
- 1516 – The Ottoman Empire under Selim I defeats the Mamluk Sultanate and captures present-day Syria at the Battle of Marj Dabiq.[7]
- 1561 – Willem of Orange marries duchess Anna of Saxony.[8]
- 1608 – The first official English representative to India lands in Surat.
- 1643 – A Dutch fleet establishes a new colony in the ruins of Valdivia in southern Chile.[9]
- 1662 – The Act of Uniformity requires England to accept the Book of Common Prayer.
- 1682 – William Penn receives the area that is now the state of Delaware, and adds it to his colony of Pennsylvania.
- 1690 – Job Charnock of the East India Company establishes a factory in Calcutta, an event formerly considered the founding of the city (in 2003 the Calcutta High Court ruled that the city’s foundation date is unknown).
- 1781 – American Revolutionary War: A small force of Pennsylvania militia is ambushed and overwhelmed by an American Indian group, which forces George Rogers Clark to abandon his attempt to attack Detroit.
- 1812 – Peninsular War: A coalition of Spanish, British, and Portuguese forces succeed in lifting the two-and-a-half-year-long Siege of Cádiz.
- 1814 – British troops invade Washington, D.C. and during the Burning of Washington the White House, the Capitol and many other buildings are set ablaze.
- 1815 – The modern Constitution of the Netherlands is signed.
- 1816 – The Treaty of St. Louis is signed in St. Louis, Missouri.
- 1820 – Constitutionalist insurrection at Oporto, Portugal.
- 1821 – The Treaty of Córdoba is signed in Córdoba, now in Veracruz, Mexico, concluding the Mexican War of Independence from Spain.
- 1857 – The Panic of 1857 begins, setting off one of the most severe economic crises in United States history.
- 1870 – The Wolseley expedition reaches Manitoba to end the Red River Rebellion.
- 1898 – Count Muravyov, Foreign Minister of Russia presents a rescript that convoked the First Hague Peace Conference.
- 1909 – Workers start pouring concrete for the Panama Canal.
- 1911 – Manuel de Arriaga is elected and sworn-in as the first President of Portugal.
- 1914 – World War I: German troops capture Namur.
- 1914 – World War I: The Battle of Cer ends as the first Allied victory in the war.
- 1929 – Second day of two-day Hebron massacre during the 1929 Palestine riots: Arab attacks on the Jewish community in Hebron in the British Mandate of Palestine, result in the death of 65–68 Jews; the remaining Jews are forced to flee the city.
- 1931 – Resignation of the United Kingdom’s Second Labour Government. Formation of the UK National Government.
- 1932 – Amelia Earhart becomes the first woman to fly across the United States non-stop (from Los Angeles to Newark, New Jersey).
- 1933 – The Crescent Limited train derails in Washington, D.C., after the bridge it is crossing is washed out by the 1933 Chesapeake–Potomac hurricane.
- 1936 – The Australian Antarctic Territory is created.
- 1937 – Spanish Civil War: the Basque Army surrenders to the Italian Corpo Truppe Volontarie following the Santoña Agreement.
- 1937 – Spanish Civil War: Sovereign Council of Asturias and León is proclaimed in Gijón.
- 1941 – Adolf Hitler orders the cessation of Nazi Germany‘s systematic T4 euthanasia program of the mentally ill and the handicapped due to protests, although killings continue for the remainder of the war.
- 1942 – World War II: The Battle of the Eastern Solomons. Japanese aircraft carrier Ryūjō is sunk, with the loss of seven officers and 113 crewmen. The US carrier USS Enterprise is heavily damaged.
- 1944 – World War II: Allied troops begin the attack on Paris.
- 1949 – The treaty creating the North Atlantic Treaty Organization goes into effect.
- 1950 – Edith Sampson becomes the first black U.S. delegate to the United Nations.
- 1954 – The Communist Control Act goes into effect, outlawing the American Communist Party.
- 1954 – Getúlio Vargas, president of Brazil, commits suicide and is succeeded by João Café Filho.
- 1963 – Buddhist crisis: As a result of the Xá Lợi Pagoda raids, the US State Department cables the United States Embassy, Saigon to encourage Army of the Republic of Vietnam generals to launch a coup against President Ngô Đình Diệm if he did not remove his brother Ngô Đình Nhu.
- 1967 – Led by Abbie Hoffman, the Youth International Party temporarily disrupts trading at the New York Stock Exchange by throwing dollar bills from the viewing gallery, causing trading to cease as brokers scramble to grab them.
- 1970 – Vietnam War protesters bomb Sterling Hall at the University of Wisconsin–Madison, leading to an international manhunt for the perpetrators.
- 1981 – Mark David Chapman is sentenced to 20 years to life in prison for murdering John Lennon.
- 1989 – Colombian drug barons declare “total war” on the Colombian government.
- 1989 – Cincinnati Reds manager Pete Rose is banned from baseball for gambling by Commissioner A. Bartlett Giamatti.
- 1989 – Tadeusz Mazowiecki is chosen as the first non-communist prime minister in Central and Eastern Europe.
- 1991 – Mikhail Gorbachev resigns as head of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.
- 1991 – Ukraine declares itself independent from the Soviet Union.
- 1992 – Hurricane Andrew makes landfall in Homestead, Florida as a Category 5 hurricane, causing up to $25 billion (1992 USD) in damages.
- 1995 – Microsoft Windows 95 was released to the public in North America.
- 1998 – First radio-frequency identification (RFID) human implantation tested in the United Kingdom.
- 2004 – 90 passengers die after two airliners explode after flying out of Domodedovo International Airport, near Moscow. The explosions are caused by suicide bombers from Chechnya.
- 2006 – The International Astronomical Union (IAU) redefines the term “planet” such that Pluto is now considered a dwarf planet.
- 2010 – In San Fernando, Tamaulipas, Mexico, 72 illegal immigrants are killed by Los Zetas and eventually found dead by Mexican authorities.
- 2010 – Henan Airlines Flight 8387 crashes at Yichun Lindu Airport in Yichun, Heilongjiang, China, killing 44 out of the 96 people on board.[10]
- 2016 – An earthquake strikes Central Italy with a magnitude of 6.2, with aftershocks felt as far as Rome and Florence.
-Source: wikipedia
