In a written statement read by his lawyers, Anwar Raslan, 57, said he had “neither beaten nor tortured” prisoners at the Al-Khatib detention centre in Damascus, where he is charged with overseeing the murder of 58 people and the torture of 4,000 others.
Sitting behind a plexiglass screen because of the coronavirus pandemic, Raslan appeared deep in concentration as his lawyers Michael Boecker and Yorck Fratzky took about 90 minutes to read his statement.
Rather than torturing prisoners, Raslan claimed he had “helped to free” many detainees arrested in the uprising against Syrian president Bashar al-Assad from March 2011.
The trial in Koblenz, which began on April 23, is the first court case worldwide over state-sponsored torture by the Assad regime.
Raslan and fellow defendant Eyad al-Gharib, 43, are being tried on the principle of universal jurisdiction, which allows a foreign country to prosecute crimes against humanity.
As he entered the courtroom, wearing glasses and a dark jacket and sweater, Raslan greeted his two lawyers with a smile and a hand over his heart, a common greeting in the Middle East.
It is the first time he has spoken publicly about the crimes he is charged with, allegedly committed at the prison between April 29, 2011 and September 7, 2012.
‘Distance myself’
At the opening of the trial, prosecutors said Raslan had overseen rape and sexual abuse, “electric shocks”, beatings with “fists, wires and whips” and “sleep deprivation” at the prison.
Referring to accusations made by witnesses, he repeatedly denied any responsibility, particularly in the case of an alleged rape. “It is against our morals, against our religion,” he said.
“I distance myself from such acts if they have been committed,” he added.
Raslan worked for 18 years in the Syrian intelligence services, where he rose through the ranks to become head of the domestic intelligence “investigation” service, according to a German investigator who testified on the second day of the trial.
Raslan defected and fled Syria at the end of 2012 before arriving in Germany in July 2014 under a programme for Syrian refugees in need of special protection.
The trial could last up to two years, according to observers, with the victims due to begin testifying in July.
Wolfgang Kaleck, secretary general of the German NGO European Center for Constitutional and Human Rights, which is supporting 17 victims in the proceedings, said Raslan had issued, not merely received and followed, orders in his department.
“We do not believe he played a minor role,” Kaleck said.
According to the UK-based Syrian Observatory for Human Rights monitoring group, at least 60,000 people have been killed under torture or as a result of the terrible conditions in Assad’s detention centres.
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