Mon 03 February 2020:
(AFP) Somalia on Sunday declared a locust infestation sweeping the Horn of Africa to be a “national emergency”, as insects devastate food supplies in one of the poorest and most vulnerable regions in the world.
“The Ministry of Agriculture… has declared a national emergency in view of the current desert locust upsurge, that poses a major threat to Somalia’s fragile food security situation,” the ministry statement read.
“Food sources for people and their livestock are at risk,” the Agriculture Ministry added.
“The desert locust swarms are uncommonly large and consume huge amounts of crops and forage.”
Received video from Kenya- reportedly of locusts in Garissa County. pic.twitter.com/g0nYfhdscW
— Samira Sawlani (@samirasawlani) January 27, 2020
Extreme weather swings
Experts say the locust swarms are the result of extreme weather swings, and Somalia’s declaration –– the first country in the region to do so –– is aimed at boosting national efforts in tackling the hungry insects.
The locusts –– part of the grasshopper family –– have led to what the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) has termed the “worst situation in 25 years” in the Horn of Africa.
The emergency declaration was made to focus efforts and raise funds, because it was critical to contain the locust swarms before harvests are due in April, the ministry said.
Desert locusts –– whose destructive infestations cause major crop damage and hunger –– are a species of grasshopper that live largely solitary lives until a combination of conditions promote breeding and lead them to form massive swarms.
“Given the severity of this desert locust outbreak, we must commit our best efforts to protect the food security and livelihoods of Somali people,” said Minister of Agriculture Said Hussein Iid.
“If we don’t act now, we risk a severe food crisis that we cannot afford.”
Kenya suffers worst swarms in 70 years
Kenya’s Ministry of Agriculture said it has mobilised five planes to spray chemicals in Isiolo County in northern Kenya, but despite successes in pushing back around five swarms, more swarms are appearing every week.
Isiolo County is inhabited mostly by farmers who graze their cattle and wildlife, which also attracts tourists.
The outbreak, also affecting parts of Ethiopia, could be worsened in the coming weeks with forecasts of fresh rain, which will fuel vegetation growth, leading to a new wave of locusts breeding.
Spraying in Isiolo County has been a challenge, due to its remote location.
A lack of mobile phone signal means its more difficult to coordinate efforts to spray and clear the locusts by aircraft, and reports have been difficult to relay.
“They are destroying the environment because some of these swarms are very big – billions, billions of them. Within six hours and eight hours, they suppress and deplete all the pastures and that’s a very sad situation especially for the pastoralists (farmers),” said Salat Tutana, who is leading the fight against the locust invasion in Isiolo for Kenya’s Agriculture Ministry.
Locusts in Garissa pic.twitter.com/ehTY1TxUIZ
— Nature is Scary (@NatureisScary) January 28, 2020
‘Upsurge’
According to the regional Food Security and Nutrition Working Group, East Africa is already experiencing a high degree of food insecurity, with over 19 million people facing acute hunger.
Swarms formed in eastern Ethiopia and northern Somalia and have moved through the region.
The FAO says the current invasion is known as an “upsurge” –– when an entire region is affected –– however, if it gets worse and cannot be contained, over a year or more, it would become what is known as a “plague” of locusts.
There have been six major desert locust plagues in the 1900s, the last of which was in 1987-89. The last major upsurge was in 2003-05.
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