Fri 19 March 2021:
Financial woes brought by last year’s coronavirus pandemic have pushed about 32 million Indians out of the middle class, undoing years of economic gains, a report showed on Thursday, while job losses pushed millions into poverty.
The number of Indians in the middle class, or those earning between $10 and $20 a day, shrank by about 32 million, compared with the number that could have been reached in the absence of a pandemic, the United States-based Pew Research Centre said.
“India is estimated to have seen a greater decrease in the middle class and a much sharper rise in poverty than China in the COVID-19 downturn,” the Pew Research Centre said, citing the World Bank’s forecasts of economic growth.
Nearly 57 million people had joined the middle-income group between 2011 and 2019, it added.
In January last year, the World Bank forecast almost the same level of economic growth for India and China, at 5.8 percent and 5.9 percent respectively, in 2020.
India faces a second wave of infections in some industrial states, after a decline in cases until early this year, and its tally of 11.5 million cases is the highest after the US and Brazil.
Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s government projects a contraction of 8 percent in the current financial year, which ends this month, before economic growth picks up to about 10 percent in the next financial year.
The Pew centre estimated the number of poor people, with incomes of $2 or less each day, has gone up by 75 million as the recession brought by the virus clawed back years of progress.
A rise of nearly 10 percent in domestic fuel prices this year, job losses and salary cuts have further hurt millions of households, forcing many people to seek jobs overseas.
In China, however, the fall in living standards was modest as numbers in the middle-income category probably decreased by 10 million, while poverty levels remained unchanged, the report added.
