Tue 30 May 2023:

Clashes erupted over the border between Afghanistan and Iran over the weekend, leading to a Taliban official threatening to conquer Iran amid increased tensions and an ongoing water dispute.

Videos and pictures circulating on social media have shown Afghanistan’s Taliban forces and Iranian border forces firing at each other near a border post, killing at least one Taliban officer and two Iranian border guards.

There were also reports of Taliban fighters entering Iranian territory and attacking a military base. Although one video shows them approaching a fortification which flies the Iranian flag, this has not been verified.

#Afghanistan / #Iran 🇦🇫🇮🇷: #Taliban released a video of their attack on an #Iranian border post during the recent clashes.

TB apparently operates an HMMWV with M240 machine gun (former #USA/#NATO supplies), AK rifles and RPG-7 Launcher with PG-7V rocket. pic.twitter.com/MHS1m6l2jC

— War Noir (@war_noir) May 27, 2023

In one video released, Abdulhamid Al-Khurasani Naser Badri, a senior Taliban commander, warned Iran that the Taliban would fight its Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps “with more passion” than they fought the American forces during the 20-year-long occupation of Afghanistan. Badri also added that the Taliban “will conquer Iran soon if the Taliban’s leaders give the green light”.

If we get the order, we “will conquer Iran within 24 hours,” says Taliban commander Abdul Hamid. “Iran is flirting with the West. In reality, Iran has teamed up with the West. Iran should know that if they cross our red lines, we will erase them from the map of the Earth.” pic.twitter.com/LQhy8TQWiw

— Mike (@Doranimated) May 27, 2023

Despite that heated rhetoric, Taliban officials have since adopted a reconciliatory tone, with Hafiz Zia Ahmad, deputy spokesman of Afghanistan’s Foreign Ministry, telling the Saudi outlet Arab News that “We don’t want relations with our neighbouring countries to deteriorate. Our request to all neighbouring countries, including Iran, is to resolve these issues through diplomatic channels”. He added that “The current situation is normal. The Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan is never in favour of escalation.”

Although no threatening words have been spoken by Taliban leaders against Iran, but many Taliban members shows that they supports the war with Iran. One of the songs published online in Pashto language by “Islami Studio”, an internet network owned by the Taliban, begins like this: “We have the government and the power, we are reforming Iran – our leader Mullah Yaqoob of Tehran [Government [Iran] will be reformed.”

اخیرا و با بالا گرفتن بحث #حقابه ایران از رود #هیرمند و هشداری که ابراهیم رئیسی در این مورد به #طالبان داد، این ترانه به‌صورت گسترده از طرف طالبان در رسانه‌های اجتماعی بازنشر شده است.

✍️مختار وفایی @Mukhtarwafayee https://t.co/1VkxeNY6c2 pic.twitter.com/CiYuZDmryD

— IndyPersianAfg (@IndyPersianAfg) May 26, 2023

Aside from the accusations of which side shot first, the clashes were reportedly primarily the result of an ongoing dispute between Kabul and Tehran regarding the Taliban’s restriction of the flow of water from the Helmand River in Afghanistan into Iran.

In March 2021, shortly prior to the Taliban’s takeover of Afghanistan in August that year, the ousted former Western-backed Afghan government opened the Kamal Khan Dam, which is reported to have greatly restricted Iran’s share of the water flow.

Iran says it ‘does not recognize’ Taliban govt

Last week, Iranian Foreign Minister Hossein Amirabdollahian said, that Iran does not recognize the Taliban government, as the ruling body. “We do not recognize the incumbent ruling body of Afghanistan and we emphasize the necessity of forming an inclusive government in the country because the Taliban is one part of the reality of Afghanistan, not all of it,” he said

Take my words seriously

Earlier this month, Iranian President Ebrahim Raisi warned the Taliban not to violate Iran’s rights to the Helmand River’s waters, stating that “I warn the rulers of Afghanistan to immediately give the people their water rights …Take my words seriously now or don’t complain later.”

Iran's President Ebrahim Raisi warns Afghan #Taliban and demands #Afghanistan to give #Iran's share of #Helmand river's water to the people of Sistan #Baluchestan immediately. He also says to take his words "seriously so you don't complain later". pic.twitter.com/p9zQWhOfOV

— Pak Afghan Affairs (@Pak_AfgAffairs) May 18, 2023

The dispute stems back to the 1973 treaty agreed between the two countries for the sharing of water, and which required Afghanistan to give Iran a certain amount of water from the Helmand River. Iran has reportedly only been receiving around four per cent of the water owed to it, however, making it an issue of dispute, particularly at a time when the country is experiencing drought and water shortages.